Business Presentation For The Funding Of Women Business...

Business Presentation for the Funding of Women Business Council Social Issue to Be Addressed Background of the Social Need The percentage of stay at homes moms increased by 23 percent from 2008 to 2011, and by 2011 approximately 20 percent of the stay at home moms were part of the low income community. In the current economy, several of these stay at home moms seek to run at home business in order to supplement their household income, but even if they have a complete desire to succeed, they lack the needed education in order to run a successful business (Cohn Caumont, 2014). According to (Greenstreet) there are several reasons why businesses fail and most of the reasons are due to the fact the business owners don’t have the essential business knowledge that is needed in order to run a business. Most of the knowledge that I needed is made up of simple business management principals which college students learn during their business management and MBA programs. However, most stay at home moms in low income areas don’t have a college education and cannot afford to send their kids to college m uch less go to college themselves (Dosomething.org). In addition, running a household while taking care of kids doesn’t leave a lot of time for school, which means that if a stay at home mom was to decide to go to school to get the information needed to run a successful business it will probably take her several years before she can complete a college degree that would allow her to haveShow MoreRelatedRoles Of The Private Sector And Partnerships1499 Words   |  6 Pagessociety are fundamental to delivering on the SDGs. In a series of rapid-fire presentations, business representatives highlighted examples of what they are doing to implement each SDG. The presentations were brief, results-oriented, and demonstrated an activity that moved Agenda 2030 forward. The first speaker session of the SDG Business Forum at the 2016 High-Level Political Forum consisted of 17 rapid-fire rounds of business representatives highlighting examples of actions taken to implement the SDGsRead MoreAnalysis Of Ccs Corporate Social Responsibility Strategy1491 Words   |  6 Pagesto the ‘Doing Business’ stakeholder group. ‘Doing Business’ initiatives like ethics, regulatory compliance, quality of service and information security are given the highest importance as these have the highest potentials to impact CC’s success and sustainability. Environment initiatives like carbon emission and business travels have the least import in this firm’s CSR strategies. Description of the adopted CSR-response to the CC various stakeholders Doing Business In doing business, the firm continuesRead MoreChallenges Facing Nigerias Healthcare System1367 Words   |  6 PagesFederal Medical Centres (FMCs) embarked on a nationwide strike. The sector, hitherto in a state of prostration, slumped into coma with very severe untold consequences on the health of ordinary citizens especially sick infants and children, pregnant women and the bed ridden in the society. The resident doctors, regarded as the livewire of hospital services providers in secondary and tertiary health levels, embarked on industrial action to press home their demands for a special budgetary allocation forRead MoreIs Manufacturing It the New ERP for the Shop Floor?1128 Words   |  5 Pages Frequently exasperated over the letdown of the Manufacturing Execution Systems or MES brand recall during presentations, I had reluctantly opted to use â€Å"ERP for the shop floor† as my go-to elevator pitch but deliverance may soon be near. Often bemoaned for the great difficulty in explaining what it entails, MES is making a comeback of sorts rebranded under the moniker of ‘Manufacturing IT’. Logically grouping ERP, office IT operations infrastructure under the ‘Admin IT’ banner cobblingRead MoreOffice Of Supplier Diversity By Realignment Proposal4252 Words   |  18 Pages(OSD or Office) is the state entity tasked with addressing the historical systemic pattern of past or continuing racial discrimination against minority business enterprises as well as any disparity of the availability and use of minority business enterprises in the state procurement system. Minority business enterprise is defined as any business majority owned, managed and controlled by an individual of African American, Hispanic American, Asian American, or Native American decent or an AmericanRead MoreSports Development Essay example2397 Words   |  10 Pagesthey achieve a quality accreditation. Quest This is national quality system that is used to assess the management of sports development. This is created by Sports England. This system is aimed towards sports development units, like local councils, governing bodies and national authorities. It operates a certain grading system, this is†¦ Scores of 60% and up is needed to be registered. A score of 75% and 84% then the system will receive a marking of highly commended. 85% and aboveRead MoreHow A Professional Business Practice Throughout A Three Months Placement Course At Roksanda3537 Words   |  15 PagesThe purpose of this report is to analyze and reflect a professional business practice throughout a three months placement course at ROKSANDA. I will begin with the company and brand philosophy by imputing its history, market level and funding sources. From there, a thorough explanations of the brands supply chain which consist of the design process, sampling developments and production management. Along side, I will list out their respective roles and responsibilities from the hierarchy down. FurtherRead MoreCase Studies13817 Words   |  56 Pages LeBlanc didnt want to disappoint her boss. She knew she was working on a deadline and didnt have time to research the prices of T-shirts at other companies. Even though she could have created a bidding war with local T-shirt companies for the business, she preferred to buy from a company that she could trust. At the same time, the $7,495 she would save if she bought from the Chinese manufacturer was too good not to consider. She knew if she made her boss happy, shed be promoted and enjoy moreRead MoreEssay on History of Auditing3126 Words   |  13 Pagesthe progress the FTC had made, but also addressed some of the limitations: â€Å"I am constrained to believe that the business of this country, and particularly big business, is more and more forced to the conclusion that honesty is not only the best policy, but that it pays the highest dividends. I feel that there has been a tremendous improvement in the conduct of the business of the country over the last few years, but the time has not come, and I regret to say that it seems far off, when theRead MoreThe Impact of National Poverty Eradication Programme (Napep) on Economic Development of Nigeria13910 Words   |  56 PagesTHE IMPACT OF NATIONAL POVERTY ERADICATION PROGRAMME (NAPEP) ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF NIGERIA (A CASE STUDY OF BWARI MUNICIPAL AREA COUNCIL, FCT, ABUJA) AYOOLA ISAIAH OLUFEMI REG NO. 51026 A RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED TO CHARTERED INSTITUTE OF ADMINISTRATION IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF DIPLOMA IN BUSINESS STUDIES (DBS) JULY 2010 DECLARATION I declare that this research project work was carried out by me through extensive study and readings and that the relevant

Understanding The Dynamics Of Emotion, Compassion, Cognition,

Understanding the dynamics of emotion, compassion, cognition, morality, culture, character, aggression and violence, will reveal the motivations for all character types, their role in stories, and overall their contributions to forwarding the storytellers message. But to understand these dynamics, they must be explored through the lense of objectivity, pragmatism, and an evolutionary perspective that explains the purpose of emotion in its entirety, and the importance of the emotion of love to the development of character and personality. All characters from all works of literature, cinema, and other mediums of storytelling are motivated by basic human instincts that originate from the need to survive. Leda Cosmides and John Tooby, pioneers†¦show more content†¦In its basic components, emotion serves to promote survival, and in human culture, promote socialization. As humans evolve so do emotions. Emotions continue to perform the same function that they have been performing for thousands of years, but they have evolved into more complex entities that challenges and questions. Emotion contributes to cognition and intellect. Emotion and cognition explain the choices characters make throughout a story. Decisions like whether or not to embark on a journey relies on both emotional and logical rationale. Characters internally discuss the economics of choice, risk and reward, through pragmatic and emotional reasoning. At times, one method of reasoning surpasses the other, so decisions are made more on emotion than logic or vice versa, therefore influencing the course of a story. However, no decision is completely made by one or the other. Despite intellect’s reputation as purely objective and devoid of emotion, thinking and cognitive processes cannot occur without some degree of emotional input. This relationships applies in reverse as emotion cannot exist without a cognitive input. Don Hockenbury, Associate Professor of Psychology at Tulsa Community College, describes emotions as â€Å" a complex psychological state that involves three distinct components: a subjective experience, aShow MoreRelatedExperiential : Experiential Family Therapy1551 Words   |  7 PagesEmotionally Focused Couples Therapy and internal family systems model. Grounded in the belief that dysfunction in the family comes from suppressed emotions, experiential therapy endeavors to create experiences in the here-and- now that will allow families to examine their internal processes, and not get stuck at the intellectual level of problem-solution or cognition. Experiential therapists encourage transformation through individuation and self-actualization, believing that to bring a more authentic selfRead MoreEmotional Inelligence Essay examples1669 Words   |  7 Pagestime, to demonstrate or refute the importance of feelings. In the beginning common thoughts from managers and or supervisors were; emotions are in the way; emotions try to keep us from making good decisions; emotions increase a lack on focusing. Fortunately, an indeed research takes emotional intelligence to an ultimate ideal in which intelligence is based on emotions, and people who contain this capacity are less depressed, in good health, more employable, and have better interactions. EmotionalRead MoreSocial Psychology Essay1906 Words   |  8 Pagesbased on emotion rather than intellect (Ferguson, 2004). Le Bon recognized that his work revealed great dangers to society and he warned that if the masses were to gain control, human society would Social Psychology 3 revert to barbarism (Ferguson, 2004). In this sense, Le Bons work was an incomplete analysis of crowd dynamics, while at the same time it did open new avenues of understanding human behavior (Ferguson, 2004). Gustave Le Bon incomplete theory of crowd dynamics helped socialRead MoreAre We Socially Intelligent?2438 Words   |  10 PagesNew Science of Human Relationship,’ revealing that the human minds are made to connect with one another during any interaction. He had, in 1995, published a book on Emotional Intelligence where he discussed the human’s ability ‘to manage our own emotions and inner potential for positive relationships.’ In Social Intelligence, he enlarges his scope of investigation to include our human ability to connect with one another. In the words of an editorial review from Publishers Weekly, â€Å"Goleman persuasivelyRead MoreFriendship: How to Make and Keep Friends Essay1783 Words   |  8 Pagesconflict, controlling emotions (in response to rejection/conflict), and making friends. Research Research on the topic of friendship relationships between female adolescents (and specifically middle school students) highlights both the need for intervention with students, as well as some techniques that may most effective for friendship issues. Adolescence, and specifically the time individuals go through middle school is a time of a lot of changes, which include changes in cognition (concrete to formalRead MoreThe Theory Of Social Contract1832 Words   |  8 Pagesdilemma materials that were intuitive and realistic. Through brainstorming discussion, children can moderately discover, comprehend and acquire values and ethics, thus turn moral education from static process of inculcation into a dynamic development process for moral cognition and judgement. This enhances the moral teaching’s influence and effectiveness. Another strength in Kohlberg’s theory is that this method helps create a democratic atmosphere for children’s learning and brings their self- d eterminationRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Schizophrenia3448 Words   |  14 Pageswhich a person loses the ability to assimilate their emotions and feelings with their thoughts, having unrealistic beliefs, referred to as delusions, as well as false perceptions of their environment, known as hallucinations. With these mental characteristics, the disease produces social difficulties like working and developing relationships. Schizophrenia affects a significant portion of the working-age population, but denial, a lack of understanding, support or even scarce treatment resources may stirRead MoreMajor Depressive Disorder: Theories and Therapies3035 Words   |  13 Pagesexternal stimuli. Symbolic Interaction Theory adds the concept of interaction with others, while Cognitive Theory does not. Cognitive Theory suggests cognition and behavior are learned and built upon, while Symbolic Interaction Theory suggests thoughts and actions taking place in the present and are dynamic, chang ing according to the present experience. Dynamics: Compare and Contrast Cognitive Theory and Symbolic Interaction Theory both assert that beliefs about self will strongly determine the way theRead MoreFrom actions to empathy and morality9042 Words   |  37 PagesFebruary 2010 Accepted 27 February 2010 Available online 16 September 2010 Keywords: Mirror neuron system Limbic system Emotion Empathy Morality Neuroimaging a b s t r a c t Our culturally varied, complex social world, governed by unwritten moral codes that encourage afï ¬ liative helping behavior, may be subserved by the unique properties of a neural system for understanding the intentions and actions of others. The ï ¬ ring pattern of neurons within this system appears to ‘mirror’ an action performedRead MoreTherapeutic Styles of Counselling4870 Words   |  20 Pagesaware of the elements that make up the various parts of a field, so that one becomes able to choose and/or organize one’s own existence in a meaningful manner (Jacobs, 1992; Yontef, 1982, 1983). An awareness of the relational field is a way of understanding how one’s context influences one’s experience. Gestalt theory suggests that people define themselves by how they experience themselves in their field in relation to others. Yontef Jacobs (2008, p. 340) argue that this is an identity boundary

Condition Precedent Free Essays

Condition precedent exists when a situation or circumstance has to be achieved, or action needs to be taken in order for one of the other party’s side of the contract to be considered valid. An example of this situation may be Joe offering to sell his car to Jim, as long as Jim can provide say, proof of insurance and a driver’s license. Assuming Jim has a driver’s license and has/can obtain auto insurance, the two parties can move forward. We will write a custom essay sample on Condition Precedent or any similar topic only for you Order Now Joe will have agreed to sell the car to Jim. On the other hand, should Jim be incapable or unwilling to provide a license and insurance, Joe is not obligated to sell the car to Jim. In the case mentioned in the text, health insurance is often provided depending on a potential client’s current physical condition. In other words, insurance protect themselves from covering individuals who may be what they consider to be a liability. This example is a clear cut demonstration of how the insurance company protects its own assets by â€Å"conditions precedent†(Clarkson, Miller Cross, 2011). Conditions subsequent strikes me as a bit more abstract of a concept than condition precedent, by virtue of its inherently negative nature. Put another way, one party’s obligation may be terminated based on the failure of the second party to maintain it’s side of the contract. As it applies to employment, and as was mentioned within the text, an employer may agree to enter into a contract with an employee so long as the employee maintains his or her license to practice (i. e. perform a task to the company’s benefit). In a situation where the employee fails to maintain his/her end of the agreement (loses license, fails to maintain condition, etc. the company is no longer under contract to continue employing that individual (Clarkson, Miller Cross, 2011). The benefit lies largely with the company-protecting its own assets, as it would not be beneficial to have a lawyer on staff incapable of maintaining a license to practice law. On the other hand, the employee may be able to see a definite benefit as well. He or she knows that the position is hers as long as she meets and maintains her side of the con tract. Lastly, concurrent conditions, strike me as being the most common conditions we’re likely to come across. They occur in many everyday transactions with businesses by their very nature; which is that duties or actions be met simultaneously between both parties in order for a contract to be valid. In most business transactions, at retail or otherwise, occur when the consumer offers to provide money in exchange for a good or service. The service provider may perform the task and send an invoice, or merchant may agree to sell the product with a promise to pay (such as with credit cards, checks, and credit account) later. But in most cases, the item is given to the consumer once payment is received and payment usually immediately follows a service. How to cite Condition Precedent, Papers

Acceptability of Motivational Interviewing †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Acceptability of Motivational Interviewing. Answer: Introduction Hemodialysis patients require special care that healthcare providers need to render(Rahimi 2008). The complexity of health factors as morbidity significantly raises risk factors underlying treatment of such patient. Client Assessment for Care Planning and Ongoing Management for new hemodialysis patient has to focus on model that increases likelihood of health promoting behaviours(Adams 2014). Nursing Practioner can adopt a varied mixture of models as OREM, Peplaus theory of interpersonal relationship and Neumans system model. Client experiencing hemodialysis undergoes tremendous physical with associated psychological behavioral changes(Cronk 2012). Advanced clinical assessment can help in assessing clients whereabouts and then providing appropriate treatment of in conducting hemodialysis. Clinical assessment is integral for nurses for rendering highly effective care in treating this new client. An effective model is designed using various experiences shared by other nurses also mentions this model being highly effective in nature. This model or approach to health assessment would change authorization as a nurse as a practioner by making nurse capable to provide standard care and competencies. Skill development in Standard 1 of the NMBA Nurse Practioner Standards for Practice (NMBA 2014) included this model. The course included relevant knowledge and skills required to competently conduct client assessment for effectively planning and managing health needs of clients. Client Assessment is a unique role for a nurse practioner by understanding role and scope of practice. Difference between practicing as a registered nurse and nurse practioner is that one who is legally entitled to assess client and other merely practicing nursing. In Advanced Clinical Assessment end point is to enhance capabilities in nurses towards client assessment. While practicing as a nurse in case, it was possible to critically analyse patient and suggest suitable treatment for better outcome. In the scope of this analysis as nurse practioner for a new hemodialysis patient health belief outcome can have tremendous impacts. It will allow better treatment of the patient as nurse is the first point of contact with the patient and can provide best suited first hand care by analysis of client condition. Reference Lists Adams, A., Hall, M. and Fulghum, J., 2014. Utilizing the health belief model to assess vaccine acceptance of patients on hemodialysis.Nephrology Nursing Journal,41(4), p.393. Cronk, N.J., Russell, C.L., Knowles, N., Matteson, M., Peace, L. and Ponferrada, L., 2012. Acceptability of motivational interviewing among hemodialysis clinic staff: A pilot study.Nephrology Nursing Journal,39(5), p.385. Rahimi, A., Ahmadi, F. and Gholyaf, M., 2008. The effects of continuous care model on depression, anxiety, and stress in patients on hemodialysis.Nephrology nursing journal,35(1), p.39.

Critical Thinking Level of Reasoning and Making Judgments

Critical thinking and Decision-making Critical thinking is in most times confused with creative thinking or even thinking outside the box, which are different things altogether. Clemen (1991) defines critical thinking as â€Å"†¦the identification and evaluation of sources, processes and evidence given to assist in making informed decisions† (p.23).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Critical Thinking: Level of Reasoning and Making Judgments specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The sole reason of critical thinking is to make decisions that enable one to solve certain problems in a given circumstance. Fisher, Ury and Patton (1991) argue that critical thinking is a way of striving to achieve the highest possible level of reasoning and making judgments. Whatever the understanding is, critical thinking helps one make a good analysis of information, and using reason effectively to make sound judgment in certain s ituations (p.7). With the rapidly growing competition in the corporate world, managers who fail in critical thinking subsequently make wrong decisions and fail to solve problems and conflicts, which cost the organizations a lot. This can be in terms of reputation as well as in terms of profits. In order to be in the perfect position to make decisions, it is important to have a clear understanding of what decision-making is all about. Decision making can be defined as the process of clearly identifying hypotheses, rating the evidence that is provided as well as the possible outcome of actions or plans of action and keenly considering the relationship that may be in existence between the two(Glaser,1949, p.34). This results to the making of sound judgments that will have the least amount of risks compared to any other possible options. Decision-making may be required in such incidences as solving problems existing between employees and the organization, individual employees and the ma nagement of the organization or personal differences between the employees. Critical thinking and dispute resolution at the work place The responsibilities related to human resource management in corporations that are success-oriented require vesting on people who portray excellent critical thinking abilities. This is because such offices are important in that they hold the keys to either the success or the failure of the corporations. Decisions made in these offices can have either the best or the most catastrophic impacts on the overall operations of the organizations. For instance, in cases whereby there are problems between workers and the management, which may possibly result into a strike, it is important to reach a consensus, which favors both the management as well as the workers. This means forging a win-win situation for both the workers and the organization. Certain critical thinker’s characteristics should be evident in the personality seeking to broker the agreem ents. Rationality and open-mindedness are among the most important characteristics of a critical thinker.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Rationality According to Glaser, E. (1949), in solving problems, the mediator or the intervener should be able to employ reason rather than emotions while making decisions (p.33). For instance, in the case of workers threatening to go on strike through their union leaders, it is important that the manager involved be able to broker an agreement without any emotional influence to opt for decisions such as victimizing the workers. Therefore, they should be able to clearly seek explanation on the actual grievances and enquire for sound explanations concerning the grievances. He/she will be in a position to reach at a decision that will seem to both favour the workers and the organization and save both parties from possible inconveniences. Ope n-mindedness Thinking critically requires that one be able to evaluate all available inferences into existing problems. This happens through taking a considerable number of viewpoints and seeking to understand the existing problem from every available perspective. his involves the ability to be open to any alternatives that can be used to make the decision. For instance, in a case whereby the workers are planning to go on a strike following a failure by the management to increase their remunerations, addressing the possibility of the increase option is important rather than maintaining its impossibility. Reference List Clemen, R. (1991). Making Hard Decisions: An Introduction to Decision Analysis.  Boston, MA: PWSKent Press. Fisher, R., Ury, W., Patton, B. (1991). Getting to Yes: Negotiating Agreement Without  Giving. New York: Penguin. Glaser,  E. (1949). An Experiment in the Development of Critical Thinking. New York: Columbia University Press.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Critical Thinking: Level of Reasoning and Making Judgments specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on Critical Thinking: Level of Reasoning and Making Judgments was written and submitted by user Cannon G. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How does Shakespeare demonstrate that love and friendship can overcome greed in the Merchant of Venice Essay Example

How does Shakespeare demonstrate that love and friendship can overcome greed in the Merchant of Venice Essay Example How does Shakespeare demonstrate that love and friendship can overcome greed in the Merchant of Venice Paper How does Shakespeare demonstrate that love and friendship can overcome greed in the Merchant of Venice Paper but he not only felt angry, he damned her. She did what she did for the sake of love, but even so stealing from her father shows her greed, and in a way, shows how she takes after him in being greedy. In this case, both love and greed instigated the actions of Jessica, a combination which doesnt occur with any other character in the play. Indeed, the eloping and unification of Jessica and Lorenzo is a very significant part of the play, as at the time it was written, Jewish people were seen as outcasts in England. Therefore the fact that Jessica converted to Christianity may have been more of a significant talking point 500 years ago than it is now. Jessica always had a slightly awkward relationship with her father, Shylock. It pinnacle of this awkward relationship was her change of religion, which completely distanced her from her father. Both characters were greedy people, but perhaps in different ways, and relatives with similar personalities are known to clash. Her relationship was the mirror opposite to that of Portia and her father. We dont know how they got on, but we do know that Portia respected her fathers wishes and had faith in him. This could not be said for Jessica. She turned on him (by stealing and rebelling) as quickly as he turned on her (damning her). This perhaps could have been because she was a Jewish girl growing up in England, and she rebelled. Portia was probably brought up as a little princess and so had nothing but admiration for her father. Each girls social, cultural and historical background contributed to how they grew up and in turn got on with their parents. Throughout the play Shakespeare demonstrates different types of love and greed, and the different effects each of these can have. Antonio and Bassanio have a friendship almost comparable to love, indeed it could be called love. Ruthless and uncompassionate behaviour is shown by Shylock, seeking only his own way. This is a form of greed. The love between Jessica and Lorenzo is a love so powerful that it completely destroyed Jessicas relationship with her father, a sacrifice which she was willing to make. This is a different sort of love to that of Antonio and Bassanio, but both lead to hazardous situations. Why did Shakespeare demonstrate so many types of love, compassion, greed, anger and friendship? The repercussions of each was distinctive, and would perhaps show the audience what it would be like to be in each given situation. It could serve as a warning to show what happens when love becomes uncontrollably powerful, or when greed takes control of a person. What the play does show, is that no matter how good natured a person is, love does not always overcome greed, and that both emotions can make you blind to the truth.

Delivering Learning In Online Environments Essay - 14

Delivering Learning In Online Environments - Essay Example A more pragmatic thing to say will be that though online education is not a panacea for every academic void, yet it does facilitate the students, a viable portal to enhance their skills and knowledge if they do not afford to attend regular classes. The supporters of classroom education do say that regular classrooms are a better platform for imparting education as they allow the students to engage in interactions with their class fellows and teachers and analyze varied facets of the academic content they study (Weller, 2002). Besides classroom education nowadays is flexible enough to provide the students with varied time schedules and frameworks to allow them to add on to their academic achievements. The traditional campus environment does help the students to be disciplined with their curriculum and studies and to be prompt with their assignments, papers, and deadlines (Weller, 2002). It allows the students to avail the required help and academic framework to finish their assignments in a regular and professional manner. Besides, it is the face to face communication that makes the classroom education so special as compared to online education (Weller, 2002). The motivation and encouragement provided by teachers in regular clas srooms do make the students perform to the best of their ability. Yet, the thing is that the supporters of online education do tend to have valid reasons to support this mode of achieving an education. It has been said time and again that students happen to gain more if they have a vocational aspect to their academic growth. Thereby, online education is very flexible in the sense that it helps the students gain on many skills and academic qualifications while they are engaged in the career and vocational aspects of their life.

Assignments Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Assignments - Assignment Example Pellian government has the full rights to expropriate oil because they observe environmental conversation. The government does not allow spilling of toxic chemicals to the villages. They play their role as citizen’s watchdog. The appropriate level of compensation Pellian government has to offer should exceed the profit earned in that financial year. BIT rules state that, a firm should pay compensation immediately. The government has to offer AmeriGas immediately at the day of expropriation. This is in accordance with the international laws. BIT rules protect other minor oil corporations from exploitation from the major oil firms. A compensation covering profits and capital is the best model to clear expropriation. Under the bilateral treaty; Pellian government offered $65 million in compensation to AmeriGasCo. This was a reflection of the profits earned (Sands 372). The fee imposed upon chip manufacturing operation is not consistent with the treatment obligations under BIT. The fee is less than the fair market value. Bilateral treaty advocates for reasonable rate fees that could match the economy, from the date of expropriation. Firms spend money on microchips, which is against the conditions of

Reflection 9 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reflection 9 - Research Paper Example making companies should consider new marketing and advertising strategies in addition to reinventing their products rather than repackaging them in different ways. Three different kinds of new cereal packaging for traditional cereal can be zippered plastic bags, metalized bag lining, or selling the cereal in air-tight jars. The common factor among all three types of packaging is that they are useful for the customers even when the cereal is finished. For example, zippered plastic bags can be used to carry fresh vegetables like spinach from the grocery store to the home, or to carry salad from home to school. Such a packaging is very useful in the present age when the use of plastic shopping bags is discouraged. Metallized bags are even more useful than the plastic bags since they help keep the food fresh and safe from the moisture and the outside odors. Air-tight jars are also very useful for storing bakery items and confectionaries like biscuits and cookies. My favorite cereal packaging amongst the three is zipped plastic bags because their use surpasses the use of other two options in everyday life. In addition, they are the most cost-effect ive option for the cereal companies to avail. The Canadian people are very fond of biscuits. The cereal makers should consider making biscuits with cereals. The cereal makers should analyze which of their flavors have acquired maximum sales in the past and the same can be converted into biscuits. Another kind of cereal can be spicy and salty cereals. These days, there is a growing trend among the Canadian consumers to eat flavored and fried pulses. Traditionally, cereals are very mildly flavored and the spicy flavor is particularly hard to find. So the cereal makers should try their luck with the fried and spicy range of cereals. Another kind of cereal can be chocolates. The weight-conscious Canadian consumers crave chocolate and can never have enough of it despite their awareness that it is a very high-calorie food item

Practical to Become Aware of Values

Practical to Become Aware of Values

Early Onset Anorexia Essay -- Eating Disorders Health Nutrition Essays

Early Onset Anorexia In recent years, it seems that the public has begun to pay more attention to eating disorders. This trend could be a consequence of the heightened nutrition and fitness craze that the 1990's has brought about, or possibly a result of more intense and conclusive research studies. More clearly defined definitions of anorexia and bulimia in the DSM-IV may also have contributed to better diagnosis of eating disorders. Anorexia nervosa is a disorder that in the majority of cases will start when the patient is a teenager. The mean age at onset is figured to be about 17 years of age. The distribution of cases appears 'to be asymmetrical with a skewness towards the higher ages (Theander, 1996). Recently, child psychiatrists have begun to recognize increasing cases beginning in childhood (McCune & Walford, 1991). While refusal to eat and loss of weight are common symptoms in child psychiatric practices, similarities between these anoretic states and the syndrome of anorexia nervosa are slight (Hawley, 1985). While severity of illness is usually associated with worse outcome, age of onset for anorexia can play a critical role in future outcome. Premenarcheal anorexia nervosa has serious implications for the progress of puberty which may in turn, have detrimental effects on the youngsters (Bryant-Waugh, Fosson, Knibbs, & Lask, 1987). It is important that pediatricians, psychiatrists, educators, and parents are able to identify this disorder at early ages. The purpose of the following sections of this paper are to help familiarize readers with signs and symptoms which may aid in identification of anorexia leading to an early diagnosis. Symptoms Associated with Anorexia Girls with anorexia nervosa may d... ...Age and Menstrual Status on Psychological Variables. Journal of -the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiary, 34, 378-382. Hawley, Richard. (1985). The Outcome of Anorexia Nervosa in Younger Subjects. British Journal of Psychiatry, 146, 657660. McCune, Noel & Walford, Geraldine. (1991). Long-Term outcome in Early-Onset Anorexia Nervosa. British Journal of Psychiatry, 159, 383-389. Rastam, Maria. (1992). lmdrexia in 51 Swedish Adolescents: Premorbid Problems and Comorbidity. Journal of the American Academy of Chlld and Adolescent Psychiatry, 11, 819-827. Romeo, Felicia.(1996). Educators and the Onset of AnorexiaNervosa in Young. Education, 117, 55-60. Theander, Sten. (1996). Anorexia Nervosa with an Early Onset: Selection, Gender, Outcome, and Results of a Long-Term Follow-Up Study. Journal of Youth and Adolescencg, 25, 419428.

Ncfe Swis Assignment 1

SUPPORT WORK IN SCHOOLS Unit 01 Child and Young Person Development As part of my preparation to complete Unit 1 Child and Young Person Development, I have attended taught sessions, undertaken research using books and the internet, taken part in group exercises and discussions and considered case studies. I have also completed a worksheet and received useful feedback from my tutor. All this has given me a better understanding of the theories behind child and young person development and the stages of development.This information has been extremely useful, giving me the underpinning knowledge needed to carry out my role of supporting teaching in the classroom. It has also improved my self-confidence especially in the classroom. In this assignment, I will discuss the expected pattern of development from 0-19 years, including examples of how development can be promoted in children and young people and how different aspects of development are interrelated and can affect one another.I will look at factors which can influence the child or young person’s development and discuss the potential effects of different types of transitions on children and young people’s development and ways in which the individual can be supported at such times. I will also briefly examine the psychological theories put forward by some influential researchers and illustrate the development of the National Curriculum. I will discuss observations and assessments and their importance in education.I will consider the role of communication for those who are involved in supporting teaching and learning. I will also look at the importance of the ‘holistic’ approach when engaging with pupils and their rights to be treated fairly and as individuals. 1. 1 Describe the expected pattern of children and young people’s Development from birth to 19 years to include: a) Physical development b) Communication and intellectual development c) Social, emotional and behavioural de velopmentThere is an expected pattern or sequence of children and young people’s development from birth to 19 years. This pattern or sequence can help be used to measure a child’s development and aid in preparing materials in the classroom to suit the individual’s needs. However, every child is unique and will not develop at the same rate in all the areas of development at the same time. There are some important factors that need to be considered when providing learning opportunities; these are the age range of the individuals and the five aspects of child development.The age ranges are 0-3 months, 3-9 months, 9-18 months, and 18months – 2 years, 2-3 years, 3-5 years, 5-7 years, 7-12 years, 12-16 years and 16 –19 years. The five aspects of child development are Social, Physical, Intellectual, Emotional and Communication and Language Development. It is however important to note that child and young person development is holistic with each area being interconnected. Social development involves developing social skills as part of the socialisation process. This process determines how children relate socially and emotionally to others.It’s as part of social development that children will learn behaviour patterns, self-control, independence, awareness of themselves in relation to others and develop an understanding of the needs and rights of others and moral concepts. In social development children age 3-5 will play with each other but by the time they reach the age range of 7-12 years they now want to belong to a group. Both age ranges will use language effectively to communicate, with 7-12 year olds now able to communicate very effectively. They are also less concerned about adult approval and are more concerned about the approval of their peers.Whereas the 3-5 year age group are still concerned with seeking adult approval. The 3-5 year olds group are gradually able to share group possessions at playgroup or nursery and 7 -12 year olds are able to participate in games with rules and other cooperative activities. Social development is promoted by setting goal and boundaries to encourage socially acceptable behaviour appropriate to the children’s ages and development using praise and rewards as encouragement. It can also be promoted by using books, stories, puppets and play people to help children understand fairness, jealousy, conflict ituations or growing up. Children can also be encouraged to use their self-help skills allowing children the time to do things independently such as choosing play activities or helping to tidy up. Emotional development might be defined as the development of personality and temperament. It includes how a child thinks and feels about themselves, how they think others see them, how they relate and interact with others and to their environment and how they express their individual needs and desires. The 7-12 year old group have become less egocentric and understand t he feelings, needs and rights of others.By age 12-16 this has developed further with the individual being sensitive to their own feelings and to those of others with a growing understanding of the possible causes for why people feel and act as they do. The 7-12 year age group may be very competitive with rivalry leading to aggressive behaviour whilst the older age group will have more confidence in their skills and ideas and will be assertive rather than aggressive. Both will argue with others, with the 12-16 year age group having strong opinions which may lead to grudges.The younger age group, although finding it more difficult to forgive and forget than they did at a younger age, tend not to hold grudges. Emotional development can be promoted by using praise and encouragement to help pupils to focus on what they good at and maximise their individual potential. By giving pupils the opportunity to make decisions and choices, making them feel positive and important and preparing them for decision making at a later stage. Being consistent about rules and discipline so pupils know what is expected of them will further help to promote emotional development.Physical development is an important area of a child’s overall development, and many aspects take place automatically as they grow and mature. However, it is crucial that children and young people are given opportunities and support in this area of development. Physical development can be promoted by providing play opportunities. Children could be allowed to explore and experiment with their gross motor skills using play equipment or practising fine motor skills such as drawing or using play dough.In physical development a 2-3 year old will use a potty whilst a 5-7 year old will be ‘dry’ apart from the occasional accident. The 2-3 year old group will be able to undress themselves but will need help with dressing. The 5-7 year olds will now dress themselves. Fine motor skills will be developin g in 2-3 year age group, they will be capable of feeding themselves and turning pages in a book but by 5-7 years this is much improved with the child now having the fine motor skills in order to be able to use a pencil, to put together a jigsaw and write their name.This type of development can be promoted by allowing children to be as independent as possible and by using everyday routines to develop fine motor skills such as doing fastenings themselves, setting the table or using a knife and fork. Intellectual development involves the process of gaining, storing, recalling and using information. This development includes interrelate components of perception, thinking, language, problem solving, concepts, memory, concentration and creativity. Children will be constantly gathering new information and formulating new ideas about themselves and the world around them.In intellectual development for example the 2-3 year old age group is still egocentric but the 5-7 year old begins to see other people’s points of view. Both will enjoy imaginative play. The older age group will have developed a longer attention span listening to longer stories and recalling details. The younger group will concentrate on intricate tasks but for a short length of time. Intellectual development can be promoted by providing access to materials to increase children’s curiosity such as books, games, toys and play equipment.Participating in the children’s activities to extend their learning and development will also promote development in this area, by asking questions, providing answers and demonstrating how things go to together when necessary. Encouraging children to use their senses to experiment with different materials and explore their environment for example going on outings to the park, playing with sand and water will promote intellectual development. Communication and language development involves children learning home or community language, as well as modes of language- non-verbal communication, listening, speaking, thinking, reading and writing.Language is a key factor in all aspects of children’s development as it gives them access to all aspects of human experience such as communicating with others, relating to others, formulating ideas or expressing feelings. In communication and language development a 2-3 year old will have a vocabulary of between 900 and 1500 words; this will have increased to 4000-10000 words by time they reach 7-12 years old. A 3-5 year old can listen to and follow simple instructions but by time they reach 7-12 years of age they can listen to and follow complex sets of instructions and will appreciate complex jokes and word play.The 7-12 year old can give very detailed accounts of past events using varied expression and vocabulary, whilst the 3-5 year old is only capable of giving very simple accounts of past events. Communication and language development in children can be promoted by simply talking to children and showing them what you are talking about by using real objects, picture books or visual/audio aids, by sharing books, stories and rhymes with them and by using straightforward sentences with words appropriate to the children’s level of understanding and development.The National Curriculum is extremely important for those who are involved in education as it is followed my many schools in England, Wales and Northern Ireland (academies and private schools do not have to follow it). It was introduced into school in1988 in order to ensure that each pupil was given the same standard of education. The two principal aims of the National Curriculum are: 1. The school curriculum should aim to provide opportunities for all pupils to learn and achieve 2.The school curriculum should aim to promote pupils’ spiritual, moral, social and cultural development and prepare all pupils for the opportunities, responsibilities and experiences of life. Furthermore, the national Cu rriculum has four purposes: 1. To establish an entitlement 2. To establish standards 3. To promote continuity and coherence 4. To promote public understanding. The Key stages are KS1 ages 5-7, KS2 ages 7-11, KS3 ages 11-14 and KS4 ages 14-16. There are five subjects which are required to be delivered from ages 5-16 years (KS 1- 4); these are English, Mathematics, P. E. Science and I. C. T.The National Curriculum as evolved and has had several changes or alterations to various aspects of it. For example, The Education Act 2002 sets out the statutory, core and foundation subjects but the above aims and purposes have remained. However, a review of the National Curriculum in 2011 recommended changes which will come into effect in 2013. The review notice states that the National Curriculum will have the following aims 1. To embody rigour and high standards to create coherence in what is taught in schools 2. To ensure all children have the opportunity to acquire a core of essential knowle dge in the key subject disciplines 3. eyond that core, to allow teachers the freedom to use their professional expertise to help children to realise their potential. Other areas to be considered include what subjects should be compulsory and what children should be taught in the main subjects and at what age. Communication skills are important for those who undertake the supporting teaching and learning role as it is vital in building up strong, positive relationships with colleagues, pupils and parents. Communication is a two way process with a sender (talker) and a receiver (listener). An important aspect of communication is active listening.This can be achieved by giving your whole attention, listen, use eye contact, seek clarification if you do not understand something that has been said. Non-verbal communication can be a powerful indicator. For example, leaning forward slightly indicates interest whilst crossing your arms can be seen as a barrier or reluctance to listen. Smilin g or nodding your head if appropriate are all signs that you are listening. Body stance and gestures and facial expressions are a good indicator of how the communication is progressing, for example a person may look worried or bored.Another important part of communication is asking questions. There are four types of questions and asking the right question at the right time is important. Closed questions are those that can only be answered by the word yes or no. These can be useful for testing your or the other person’s understanding. Open questions are ones that cannot be answered by the word yes or no, for example ‘what do you think? ’ Reflective questions are ones that check understanding and allows someone to think about what they have just said. The fourth type of question is leading, this one that suggests what the answer might be.Lessons should include a combination of both open and closed questions and learners should be encouraged to develop their own que stioning skills with learners’ peer assessing each other using open and closed questions. 1. 2 Describe with examples how different aspects of development can affect one another Although development is often divided into different ‘categories’, it is important to remember that these are all interconnected and link with one another. Examples of how different aspects of development can affect one another include: a.A speech impediment, such as stuttering may lead to the individual being unable to communicate properly with other children. The child may get frustrated and refrain from any interaction with other children. They may have little or no self confidence. This can affect emotional and social development as well as communication development. They may be bullied or picked on because of it, which in turn can lead to isolation as they may feel unable to talk to other children for fear of being ridiculed. b. A child who has difficulty in sharing may have problems with social interaction and difficulties making friendships.Other children may avoid them and this can affect the emotional and social development of the child who is unwilling to share as they may feel lonely and neglected. c. A child that is overweight or obese may have difficulties in participating in physical activities such as PE. This will affect not only their physical development but will also impact on the child’s social and emotional development as they may feel self-conscious and embarrassed and could be teased or bullied by their peers. 2. 1 Describe with examples the kinds of influences that affect children and young people’s development including a) Background ) Health c) Environment Pupils’ development is influenced by a wide range of factors including, their background, health and the environment in which they are growing up. These will all have an impact on the different areas of development and it is therefore important to have awareness of th ese factors. a. Background – Parents are extremely important in children’s lives especially in the early years. Most parents do a very good job of nurturing and providing for their children, providing a good diet, caring for them and offering opportunities for play and socialisation.Offering support to their children by being involved, helping with homework and showing interest in what the child does. This care has a significant positive impact on children’s development especially in areas of social, intellectual and emotional development. Some parents are unable to provide such care and this can negatively affect children’s’ development. For example those with conditions such as depression, alcoholism or drug addiction may neglect their children and be unable to provide them with opportunities for play and socialisation.Older siblings may have to take on a caring role for younger members of the family. These circumstances may cause the child anxie ty, to become de-motivated and develop anti-social behaviour. b. Health- If pupils suffer from poor health or physical disability or impairment, this may restrict their development opportunities. For example, a child who has a medical condition or impairment may be less able to participate in some activities than other children. This may initially affect physical development, but may also restrict social activities for example on the playground.This may then impact on emotional development. c. Environment – poverty and deprivation can have a significant effect of a child’s development. Families on low incomes may have poor diets which can affect children’s growth, behaviour and development. They may live in poorer quality housing, and not have sufficient income to heat them properly; again this can have an adverse affect on development with damp, crowed housing leading to poor health and lack of opportunity to play freely. Those children from low income families may lack play and leisure opportunities, or example the family may not have transport or the financial resources to access such opportunities as playing an instrument or going swimming. Conversely, those children from more affluent backgrounds are less likely to live in poor housing, are more likely to have a better diet and have greater access to play and leisure opportunities, thus all aspects of their development is impacted positively by their environment. 2. 2 Describe with examples the importance of recognising and responding to concerns about children and young people’s development.It is important to recognise and respond to concerns regarding a child’s development because if the problem is not dealt with as promptly as possible, it may have long term effects on all aspects of development. The sooner a problem is recognised and identified appropriate support can be given to solve the problem or lessen its effects on the child. Problems with language development would cause concern as language is at the heart of intellectual development. A child with poor speech development may find it difficult to read and write as they may not understand the link between sounds and letter shapes.Without use of language, communication can be limited and the child may feel isolated and frustrated and consequently have behavioural issues. The child may be unwilling to speak to others and possibly find it hard to listen to instructions. The child would be affected socially as they may find it hard to make friends and interact with others. This could also affect the child’s self esteem; making them feel that their peers are more ‘advanced’ and they are stupid which might lead them to become de-motivated.If a child was finding it difficult to interact with their peers, perhaps playing alone, this would be affecting the child’s social development perhaps causing them to lack confidence and find it difficult to socialise in future. Int ellectual development could be affected as the child may not feel comfortable in working with their peers in class especially during group work and so not learn as effectively as possible. Consequently, accurate observations and assessments are essential to effective educational practice.They allow objective assessments relating to each pupils behaviour patterns, learning styles, level of development, existing skills, curriculum strengths and weaknesses, current learning needs and learning achievements. Information from these observations and assessments can form the basis for the ongoing planning of learning objectives and setting learning goals and objectives for each individual pupil. They can help identify if pupils need extra support or if they have Special Educational Needs. When observing children all relevant aspects of development should be considered, social; physical; intellectual; communication and emotional.Some important points to be considered when observing children are that confidentiality must be maintained at all times, the observer must be objective, reporting what they see or hear rather than subjective opinion. Equal opportunities should be considered for example a child with English as a second language may have difficulty expressing themselves in English but be competent in their own language. Focus should be on strengths rather than weaknesses, and a holistic approach should be taken looking at a particular area of development in relation to the child whole development.The child’s feelings, needs and abilities should be considered and the observation discussed if appropriate to the child’s age and response given to their views. Distractions should be minimised and observations should be done without intruding or causing unnecessary stress. Teaching and learning has been developed using research carried out by many psychologists who have studied human development and this work has influenced teaching and learning methods. Jean Piaget (1896-1980) theory of learning suggests that children constructed or built up thoughts according to their experiences of the world around them.He used the term ‘schema’ to refer to a child’s conclusions or thoughts. He saw learning as an ongoing process with children needing to adapt their original ideas if a new piece of information contradicted their conclusion. Piaget suggests that as children develop so does their thinking. He grouped children’s cognitive development into four stages. Sensori- motor (0-2 years) includes the development of object permanence, the beginning of the use of symbols e. g. language. Pre-operational (2-7 years) Child uses symbols in play and thought, this stage involves egocentrism, centration, animism and the inability to conserve.Concrete operational (7-11 years) there is the ability to conserve, beginning of solving mental problems using practical supports such as counters The final stage is Formal Operational (1 1-15 years) young people can now think about situations they have not experienced and are able to juggle with ideas in their minds. Piaget's work has lead to early years and schools settings providing more hands on relevant tasks for children and young people. With teachers starting by working out the needs of the children then planning activities accordingly.B F Skinner (1904-90) suggested that most humans and animals learn through exploring the environment, and then drawing conclusions based on the consequences of their behaviour, people are therefore active in the learning process. Skinner divided the consequences of actions into three groups. Positive reinforcers are likely to make people repeat behaviour when they get something they desire. This is according to Skinner the most effective way of encouraging new learning. Negative reinforcers are likely to make people repeat behaviour as well but the behaviour is repeated to stop something happening.A child going down a slide mig ht learn to use their hands to slow them down if they were feeling unhappy about speed. Immediate positive reinforcers were considered more effective by Skinner. He also found that it wasn’t always clear what the primary reinforce was until after the experiment. For example a child may behave badly in order to gain attention and they will repeat the behaviour even if they are in ‘trouble’ as gaining the attention is the positive reinforcer. This ‘operant conditioning’ is frequently used by those working with children for example giving praise, reward stickers or certificates are positive reinforcers.Urie Bronfenbrenner (1917-2005) posited the ecological systems theory which has the individual at the centre of the model which has five systems. The microsystem which includes activities and interactions in the child's immediate surroundings such as parents, school and friends. The mesosystem refers to the relationships between the entities involved in t he child’s microsytems parent’s relationships with teachers etc. The exosystem are the social institutions which affect children indirectly such as parents work setting, mass media and extended family networks. The macrosystem or the broader cultural values, law, governmental resources.The chronosytem refers to the changes which occur during a child’s life both personally and culturally (or the child’s transitions) In the ecological model each component interacts with other components, making a highly complex context the child grows up in. The child isn’t just a passive recipient of what goes on in his or her life. The child at the centre of the model and interacts directly with the people in the microsystems and the effects of the interaction go both ways. As people affect the child, so the child has an influence on them. 3. 1 Identify the transitions experienced by most children and young people.Transitions might simply be defined as any stage or experience in the life of a child or young person that can affect behaviour and/or development. They are generally linked to changes in a person’s appearance, activity status, roles and relationships as well as changes of setting. Common transitions which are foreseen that most children and young people will experience include progressing from one level of development to another for example puberty, entering adulthood; starting nursery or school; moving schools for example primary to secondary school; moving class, starting college or training; entering work or first sexual experiences. . 2 Identify transitions that only some children and young people may experience Some children and young people will experience personal transitions which are often unforeseen and happen to only some individuals. Personal transitions can include death or serious illness of a family member or friend; parental separation or divorce, moving house, going into hospital; living with disability, dea th of a pet, arrival of a new baby or step-siblings, changes in their main carer such as adoption, fostering, entering or leaving the care system and the process of asylum.Family circumstance may lead to personal transitions for a child or young person some of these include, poverty; environment; employment status; child abuse and neglect; substance abuse and mental health needs. 3. 3 Describe with examples how transitions may affect children and young people’s behaviour and development Change is not always disruptive and distressing. When facing change it is natural to experience feeling of uncertainty and confusion, however, there can often be positive effects.There may be for example increased levels of motivation, promoting development, educational progress, confidence, good health improved self-esteem and increased independence. Many children make successful transitions but for those who do not there can be problems for example decreased levels of motivation, development al delay, educational delay, depression, ill health and poor self esteem. This can have negative implications for the future, affecting health, ability to achieve and enjoyment of childhood.Change is more likely to cause emotional distress when it is completely unexpected and unanticipated for example bereavement. Signs of distress might include changes in the child or young person’s behaviour such as demonstrating uncharacteristic behaviour, becoming withdrawn or quiet, becoming angry, anxious, attention seeking or temporary regression in developmental and self – help skills or even bed wetting. They may demonstrate their concern through play or drawings or stories and some may want to talk.High levels of distress can be further exacerbated when children are not kept informed, feel out of control and cannot access emotional support. To alleviate some this anxiety and stress, preparation is an essential part of managing transitions and most settings will have establish ed procedures for preparing children for transfers and transitions using the ‘ten principles to support children’s transitions’ developed by the National Children’s Bureau for example a Transitions Policy stating the schools aims and procedures.The teaching assistant should keep an eye out for changes in behaviour, encourage pupils to use any school based support for example talking to an adult that they trust, work to ensure positive relationships, be sensitive to pupils’ needs, and ensure that there is opportunity to discuss what is happening and to ask questions. If advance notice has been given that a child or group of children may be going through a period of change, this will give the opportunity to plan how support can be given.For many children the move to nursery or primary school is a big step which can lead some children to experience anxiety and stress when they first attend the new setting. This anxiety and stress may be caused by separ ation from parent or carer, encountering unfamiliar children, length of time spent in the setting, differences in culture and language from the child’s previous experiences, unfamiliar routine and rules, worry about doing the wrong thing, taking part in unfamiliar activities e. . PE. The unfamiliar physical environment may seem scary. Children may have difficult in following adult direction and more structured activities or find it difficult to concentrate for longer periods than previously. Schools make these first days and weeks easier by arranging for children to have already met their new teacher, who may have visited them in their current setting or at home as well as welcoming them to their new setting.Introductory visit may have been arranged for children and their parents or carers so that they can become familiar with the setting and the adults who will support and care for them there. Children can also be helped to prepare for this change by talking and explaining w hat is going to happen, listening to their concerns and reassuring them. Using appropriate resources such as books on starting primary school or secondary school or watching videos or TV programmes which shows the change positively.Providing opportunities for imaginative play so children can express their feelings and fears can also help. A holistic approach is needed when engaging with pupils as outlined in the government intuitive Every Child Matters (2003). Its main aims are for every child, whatever their background or circumstances, to have the support they need to be healthy, stay safe, enjoy and achieve, make a positive contribution and achieve economic well-being. ECM also states that everyone in our society is responsible for securing these outcomes.Families, communities, Government, public services, voluntary organisations, business, the media and others all have a part to play in valuing, protecting and promoting the interest of and listening to children. This has led to each of these themes having a detailed framework attached whose outcomes require multi-agency partnerships working together to achieve. The agencies in partnership may include children's centres, early years, schools, children's social work services, primary and secondary health services play work, and Child and Adolescent Mental Health services.In the past it has been argued that children and families have received poorer services because of the failure of professionals to understand each other's roles or to work together effectively in a multi-disciplinary manner. ECM seeks to change this, stressing that it is important that all professionals working with children are aware of the contribution that could be made by their own and each other's service and to plan and deliver their work with children and young people accordingly.The Equality Act 2010 states that schools cannot unlawfully discriminate against anyone including pupils because of their sex, race, disability, religion or belief, sexual orientation, gender reassignment, pregnancy and maternity and marriage or civil partnership. From April 2011 the Act introduced a single Equality Duty (public sector only) which applies to schools, this requires schools to have due regard to the need to  eliminate unlawful discrimination, harassment, and victimisation; advance equality of opportunity; and foster good relations.Advancing equality of opportunity involves removing and minimising disadvantages, taking steps to meet people’s needs and encouraging participation in any activity in which participation by such people is disproportionately low. Fostering good relations involves tackling prejudice and promoting understanding. Schools along with many other policies will now have an Equality Policy. For example the school in which I volunteer has such a policy stating its mission statement and its aims and objectives with regards to equality.As already stated there is both a legal and moral responsibility to treat all pupils fairly and as individuals with individual needs. Consequently, it is important that all who work as part of the school team are aware of this policy and of their responsibilities with regards to equality. In conclusion, in this assignment I have endeavoured to illustrate the importance of understanding all the aspects of child development 0 to 19 years in order to support them as they move through their time in education.

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Advertising questions - Essay Example His other roles include finding an understanding of audience’s requirements and organizing meetings with the creative director. The art director works hand in hand with the copywriter (Mahon, 2010). This is because, a copywriter produces the words which accompany visual pictures developed by the art director. Work functions include; collaborating with copywriter to produce the best form of advertisements, providing briefs to other members in the creative team and editing the final piece. The position of an art director requires leadership skills. This is the ability to bring team members together for attaining set objectives. Also, he or she must be open-minded. This involves accepting other people’s ideas to develop quality advertisements. Similarly, art directors should be creative  ; ability to come up with and implement new ideas. Learning advertising improves my understanding of requirements in this sector, helping to create mutual existence in the organization. Moreover, the idea of advertising in my internship enabled learning of various organizational requirements for marketing function to operate as required. Expressing my ideas with the resume was quite a challenge for a variety of reasons. For one, required qualifications for internship did not match the content in the CV. Moreover, the recruitment agency advised that a CV should, in details, express direct contributions to organization’s success. The working process at Newad is efficient. Duties and responsibilities are well defined with no overlapping of duties. I would consider beginning my career in this organization as an art director. I have always had the passion to develop and innovating visual materials used in media advertising. Moreover, art directors in this company appear to love their job, and this is a

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Analysis of types of claims - Assignment Example ative American values that are being projected all over the world, the author also emphasizes on the positive values that according to him, represent the true America more accurately. In Fewer Call Themselves Multiracial, the author Nasser conveys credibility and ethos by means of using the strong support of statistics, quotation from authority, and inductive reasoning, and concludes that the decline in multiracial self-identity is because â€Å"there is a lot of pressure from society to choose one race† (Wood, 2008, p.184). Pathos or emotional persuasion of the reader is through quotations from authorities who state that identifying more than one race, opposes racial identity. For this, the solution is to accept being 100% of one race, as well as 100% of the other race as well, rather than being half of each race. Logos or logical reasoning is used by the author. In the 2000 census, people were allowed to check more than one race, as a result of lobbying undertaken by mixed-race Americans urging the government to permit identification with more than one race. Moreover, the movement for grew stronger with multi-racial proclamations from famous celebrities such as golfer Tiger Woods, actress Halle Berry, and several others. However, the census bureau’s survey showed a drop from 2.4% in 2000 to 1.9% in 2005, a small but significant decline in mixed race self-identification (Wood, 2008). In What Sets Us Apart, the author Zuckerman establishes ethos or ethical appeal through giving both the positive and negative cultural impacts that America has over the rest of the world. The author uses pathos to support his argument, through persuading by means of appealing to the emotions of the reader (Durhamtech, 2009). This is evident in Zuckerman’s statement â€Å"So America’s narrative which has waxed for so long is now waning in its universal appeal† (Wood, 2008, p.192) as is obvious from the decline of America’s image in other countries. Grievances have

American Art and Architecture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

American Art and Architecture - Essay Example Pop Art can be defined as an art movement that appears in the mid of 1950s in Britain and late 1950s in the U.S. The movement was authoritatively inaugurated by Lawrence Alloway in his article. Pop art resulted to a challenge to the custom of fine art by the inclusion of imagery from the common culture which includes news, advertising among others. In pop art, material can be visually eliminated from its setting, isolated or it can be mixed with unrelated material. The pop art concept denotes not as abundant to the skill itself as to the height that resulted to it. Pop art engages the mass culture aspects which includes comic books, advertising and ordinary cultural objects. It is majorly interpreted as a response to the then leading concepts of abstract expressionism, including development upon them. Due to the use of found objects and photos it is the same as Dada. The objective of pop art is to employ general images as opposed to exclusive culture in art, highlighting the kitschy or banal basics of any assumed culture, most frequently by the use of satire. It can also be associated with the utilization of mechanical ways of rendering or reproduction techniques by the artist. Pop art is taken to be an art of drive that head postmodern art or some of the examples given earlier of the postmodern art. Pop art frequently takes as its images which are currently used as advertising.

Nike Promotion Essay Example for Free

Nike Promotion Essay Another important factor in economy is the maturing market in athletic shoes. There is also a growing adverse demographic change in the marketplace brought about by the sweatshop expose that Nike has not overcome yet. Effects to Nikes growth are also affected not only by domestic economy but also by the international economy. The continued weak Euro and Asian recession could potentially hurt Nikes international sales and growth. Nikes extreme sports product line is seen as inferior quality compared to competitors and is hurting sales and brand image. CUSTOMERS In 1998, Americans spent $38 billion to buy over 1. 1 billion pairs of shoes. Sporting Goods Manufacturers Association revealed that athletic footwear makes up almost 35% of all footwear purchases. The existing domestic industry focus is on casual and comfortable shoes. Demand is up for the brown shoe casual footwear with a comfortable and rugged design. This is because of the increasing number of workplaces allowing casual dress codes. Multinational customers account for a large part of Nikes sales. In 1995, Nikes international operations accounted for 36. 6 of its total revenues. The company believes that demands from international markets will increase in future. Nike must cater to a large portion of the new generation that demands the latest trends and styles. Nike should take into account the changing US demographics due to the rising proportion of Hispanics, Asians, and African Americans. These groups have different preferences that Nike should be able to satisfy. Nike should i dentify the next generation of loyal customers and provide for their needs. COMPETITION Competition is very fierce due to the number of companies competing for sales. Lots of money goes to marketing and promotions using various channels to reach the young demographic group of consumers who spend the most money on Nikes products. Growth is slowing down in the athletic footwear industry. But new markets are emerging with high growth rates. These markets include extreme sports market and the corporate merchandise market. Nikes global market share was an impressive 30. 4% in 1998. The closest competitor, Adidas, held 15. 5% of the market share while Reebok held 11. 2%. The remaining competitors, including Fila, Timberland, Asics, Converse, and New Balance, among others, each hold approximately 3-5% of the remaining market share. MARKETING ASPECTS OBJECTIVES Nikebiz. com stated that Nikes mission statement is â€Å"Through the adoption of business practices Nike is committed to securing intergenerational quality of life, restoring environment and increasing value for our customers, shareholders and business partners. † Nike shows passion for their company, products, and athletes. They are determined to provide consumers with comfort and assurance. They also find ways to innovate and create. They adhere to their five brand principles namely: inspire, innovate, focus, connect, and care. Another Nikes objective is â€Å"to be the worlds leading sports and Fitness Company. Nikes mission statement is similar to a vision statement and is potentially a weakness. The mission identifies the sports and fitness industry business they are in, it does not specify as to what products and services they provide. The mission statement does not mention distribution channels and customers. However, it portrays managements beliefs and the desire to be number one and remain in the leading position in sports and fitness shoe and apparel industry. STRATEGIES Corporate Strategies. The past two decades saw a change in economy from â€Å"standardized† to flexible†. Having a strict corporate organization used to be the rule, now it is common to have a flexible organization that uses subcontracting. The main reason Nike succeeded in competing in the footwear industry for a long time is because they remain flexible in an unpredictable market by subcontracting overseas in countries with low labor-cost. Another reason for Nikes strength in competition is their product differentiation. Aside from athletic shoes, Nikes product line now offers a broad range of clothing, equipment and accessories. TACTICS Nikes distinctive tactics are found in the area of marketing, specifically in consumer brand awareness and brand power. Nikes catch phrases like, Just Do It, and symbols like the Nike Swoosh, are reminders of the Nike empire. This tactic is effective because it could not be easily replicated and it offers value or benefit to consumers. Nike is becoming a part of American and world culture, the brand power becomes more difficult to replicate. The trademark and a slogan serves as the companys fingerprints. Nike is able to capitalize the unique identity due because of its financial strength. Nike reaches millions of consumers through large-scale marketing campaigns. The public benefits from the strength of Nikes image when they make a purchase. Consumers often associate Nike image with quality products. By associating star athletes and motivational slogans like, Just Do It, consumers identify their purchases with the prospect of achieving greatness. This image they create forms a tactic that competing companies can not easily duplicate by simply improving their products. PRODUCT Nike sells a huge variety of products, including shoes for running, basketball, cross training, Women and children. All of which are currently its top-selling product categories. Nike also sells shoes for outdoor activities such as tennis, golf, soccer, baseball, football, bicycling, volleyball, wrestling, cheerleading, aquatic activities, auto racing and other athletic and recreational uses. Nike began selling active sports apparel in 1979 as well as athletic bags and accessory items. The company sells a line of performance equipment under the Nike brand name, such as sport balls, timepieces, eyewear, skates, bats and other equipment. They also sell a line of dress and casual footwear and accessories for men, women and children under the brand name Cole Haan. The company markets headwear under the brand name Sports Specialties, through Nike Team Sports, Inc. They also sell small amounts of various plastic products to other manufacturers through Nike IHM, Inc. Bauer Nike Hockey Inc. manufactures and distributes ice skates, skate blades, in-roller skates, protective gear, hockey sticks and hockey jerseys and accessories under the Bauer and Nike brand names Pricing Strategies Nike uses vertical integration in pricing wherein they own participants at differing channel levels or engage in more than one channel level operations. This is also an attempt to control costs and influence pricing practices. PLACE Distribution channels and policy. Should additional channels be added, why? Nike sells its product to about 20,000 retail accounts in the U. S. and in approximately 110 countries around the world. Nike sells its products in international markets through independent distributors, licensees and subsidiaries. Independent distributors has little or no pressure for local adaptation because the 4Ps of marketing are managed by distributors. PROMOTION Nike has been one of the top retail industries for quite along time. This is because they sell quality products, customer loyalty, but most of all, its great marketing techniques. Nike has a number of famous athletes to create a great deal of attention to their products. Nike has signed the top athletes in many different sports such as the Brazilian Soccer Team (especially Ronaldino, Renaldo, and Roberto Carlos), Lebron James and Jermane ONeal for basketball, Lance Armstrong for cycling, and Tiger Woods for Golf. Sponsoring of events is another great promotional technique for Nike. It brings attention Nikes products. Web sites are a great promotional tool as they cover these events. Such events include Hoop It Up and The Golden West Invitational. Nike also personalizes websites. They make the websites exclusively for a sport such as nikebasketball. om , nikefootball. com , and nikegolf. com Marketing strategy: Nikes marketing strategy is an important component of the companys success. Nike is positioned as a premium-brand, selling well-designed and expensive products. Nike lures customers with a marketing strategy centering around a brand image which is attained by distinctive logo and the advertising slogan: Just do it. [35] Nike promotes its produc ts by sponsorship agreements with celebrity athletes, professional teams and college athletic teams. However, Nikes marketing mix contains many elements besides promotion. These are summarised below. Advertising From 1972 to 1982, Nike relied almost exclusively on print advertising in highly vertical publications including Track and Field News. Most of the early advertising was focused on a new shoe release, essentially outlining the benefits of the running, basketball or tennis shoe. In 1976, the company hired its first outside ad agency, John Brown and Partners, who created what many consider Nikes first brand advertising in 1977. A print ad with the tagline There is no finish line featured a lone runner on a rural road and became an instant classic. The success of this simple ad inspired Nike to create a poster version that launched the companys poster business. In 1982, Nike aired its first national television ads, created by newly formed ad agency Wieden+Kennedy, during the New York Marathon. This would mark the beginning of a remarkably successful partnership between Nike and W+K that remains intact today. The Cannes Advertising Festival has named Nike its advertiser of the year on two separate occasions, the first and only company to receive that honor twice (1994, 2003). 36] Nike also has earned the Emmy Award for best commercial twice since the award was first created in the 1990s. The first was for The Morning After, a satirical look at what a runner might face on the morning of January 1, 2000 if every dire prediction about Y2K came to fruition. [37] The second Emmy for advertising earned by Nike was for a 2002 spot called Move, which featured a series of famous and everyday athletes in a stream of athletic pursuits. [38 ] In addition to garnering awards, Nike advertising has generated its fair share of Controversy. RANDOM: The short version of this is: Nike makes itself pop up everywhere, so that its well known. It associates with people that most of its consumers want to emulate (such as michael jordan, in the 1990s) and creates products that will appeal to as wide of an audience as possible while using those celebrities its consumers want as bait (eg, michael jordan and the Air Jordan shoe line). This is just the marketing side: The business as a whole creates fast, easy assembly methods that allow it to use cheap labor in southeast asia and elsewhere to get cheap products (around 10 dollars) and sell them at extremely high prices (about 150 dollars). With nike, most of what youre buying is image. Nike, Inc. is a marketer of sports apparel and athletic shoes. The American manufacturer, through its marketing strategy which rests on a favourable brand image, has evolved into a large multinational enterprise In keeping with the brand image is its association with the distinctive logo and its advertising slogan, Just do it. In order to maintain and sustain this image, the company makes huge investments in advertising and brand promotion. Its promotional activities include agreements for product sponsorship with professional athletic teams, celebrity athletes, and numerous college athletic teams. Nike is involved in the production of goods for a wide variety of sports, competing with every sports fashion brand in existence. Because of the absence of any single brand that rivals the products of Nike, the company has no direct competitors, with the exception of German company Adidas. This has helped popularize the brand worldwide in all areas of sport and sports fashion. When Nike first began as Blue Ribbon Sports they only sold one product (running shoes) and because of this they had to make the target audience large. However, because of the wide-range of products that Nike sells they now have different target-audiences for each product. For young people, Nike sponsors popular athletes that their customers want to emulate.

Physics of the Atomic Bomb :: physics atom atomic bomb nuclear a-bomb

The atomic bomb (also known as the atom bomb, A-bomb , or nuclear bomb) has a destructive power created by the fission of either uranium or plutonium. But, not any isotope of uranium can be used. Only U235 is used in the production of an atom bomb. U235 is very hard to come by due to the fact that it is only present within 0.7% of all natural uranium. In order to separate the U235 isotope from natural uranium a process of enrichment is used. The uranium must be enriched to 90% for actual use in a bomb. The enrichment process is complicated due to the fact that the uranium isotopes are practically chemically identical. This means that the different isotopes cannot be separated with just an easy chemical reaction. The isotopes must be separated by exploiting the little mass difference between the isotopes. There are many different methods used to separate these isotopes a couple of these are the commercial-gaseous diffusion process and the centrifuge process. Another method of separation is the Electro Magnetic Separation process. This enrichment method was created by E.O. Lawrence. It involves passing uranium ions through a magnetic field which causes the U235 ions to separate and take a different path than the U238 ions. Following this collectors are used at the other end of the semi-circle to capture the separated U235. Fission of U235

What School Vouchers Are Essay -- essays papers

What School Vouchers Are The public has been searching for ways to reform the educational structure that is currently established within the United States. The public school system has been accused of being detrimental to the education of our societies children. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of school vouchers, as a type of educational reform, on all aspects of society. It has already been proven that â€Å"family background, economic status and place of residence† all help to determine the amount of success a child has at a particular school (Raywid, 1989, p. 7). Can it consequently be expected that the choice of which particular school to go to will also make a difference in the child’s success? School Vouchers are a form of educational reform that redirects the flow of funding from school districts to individual families (Coulson, 1998). These vouchers give parents the opportunity to send their child to a private school with the help of state money. Vouchers help to pay all or part of the tuition for families that choose a private school rather than the public school system. What School Vouchers Are Supposed to Help Currently, there are only two voucher programs that exist within the United States. However, the topic is of much debate in communities around the country. Both the Milwaukee program and the Cleveland program are meant to help lower income families receive the best available education (Maranto, Milliman, Hess, & Gresham, 1999, p. 19). These school vouchers are supported on the basis that education will be improved for all children given parental choice and a competition between pubic and private schools (Coulson, 1998). This reform represents a â€Å"shift of educational auth... ... case for public schools of choice. Bloomington, Indiana: Phi Delta Kappa Educational Foundation. Raywid discusses the idea of school choice within public schools. This is a little different from school vouchers; however, it raises some of the same issues. Smith, K., & Meier, K. (1995). The case against school choice. London, England: M.E. Sharpe. Smith and Meier discuss many cons to the school voucher debate. They strongly oppose school choice as a means of school reform. â€Å"School Choice.† The American Heritage College Dictionary. 40th ed. 2002. School vouchers: The wrong choice for public education. (2001). Retrieved October 8, 2003 from http://www.Anti-Defamation League, 2001.org/vouchers/print.asp The Anti-Defamation League discusses the idea that school vouchers threaten the American value of separation between church and state. What School Vouchers Are Essay -- essays papers What School Vouchers Are The public has been searching for ways to reform the educational structure that is currently established within the United States. The public school system has been accused of being detrimental to the education of our societies children. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of school vouchers, as a type of educational reform, on all aspects of society. It has already been proven that â€Å"family background, economic status and place of residence† all help to determine the amount of success a child has at a particular school (Raywid, 1989, p. 7). Can it consequently be expected that the choice of which particular school to go to will also make a difference in the child’s success? School Vouchers are a form of educational reform that redirects the flow of funding from school districts to individual families (Coulson, 1998). These vouchers give parents the opportunity to send their child to a private school with the help of state money. Vouchers help to pay all or part of the tuition for families that choose a private school rather than the public school system. What School Vouchers Are Supposed to Help Currently, there are only two voucher programs that exist within the United States. However, the topic is of much debate in communities around the country. Both the Milwaukee program and the Cleveland program are meant to help lower income families receive the best available education (Maranto, Milliman, Hess, & Gresham, 1999, p. 19). These school vouchers are supported on the basis that education will be improved for all children given parental choice and a competition between pubic and private schools (Coulson, 1998). This reform represents a â€Å"shift of educational auth... ... case for public schools of choice. Bloomington, Indiana: Phi Delta Kappa Educational Foundation. Raywid discusses the idea of school choice within public schools. This is a little different from school vouchers; however, it raises some of the same issues. Smith, K., & Meier, K. (1995). The case against school choice. London, England: M.E. Sharpe. Smith and Meier discuss many cons to the school voucher debate. They strongly oppose school choice as a means of school reform. â€Å"School Choice.† The American Heritage College Dictionary. 40th ed. 2002. School vouchers: The wrong choice for public education. (2001). Retrieved October 8, 2003 from http://www.Anti-Defamation League, 2001.org/vouchers/print.asp The Anti-Defamation League discusses the idea that school vouchers threaten the American value of separation between church and state.